* Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a recognized diagnosis in the DSM-5-TR.
ODD is not caused by "bad parenting."" Research shows it develops from a mix of factors, including biology, temperament, and environment. ODD responds very well to structured support and parent-focused strategies such as Parent Management Training and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy.
** Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD). RSD is not a formal diagnosis in the DSM, but it is a term used to describe the intense emotional pain some individuals with ADHD feel in response to real or perceived rejection or criticism and is closely connected to the well-documented challenge of emotion dysregulation in ADHD.